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The Hans Wehr transliteration system is a system for transliteration of the Arabic alphabet into the Latin alphabet used in the Hans Wehr dictionary. The system was modified somewhat in the fourth English edition. It is printed in lowercase italics. It marks some consonants using diacritics (underdot, macron below, and caron) rather than digraphs, and writes long vowels with macrons. The transliteration of the Arabic alphabet: * Hamza () is represented as (unicode:ʼ) in the middle and at the end of a word. At the beginning of a word, it is not represented. * The (unicode:''tāʼ marbūṭa'') () is normally not represented, and words ending in it simply have a final ''-a''. It is, however, represented with a ''t'' when it is the ending of the first noun of an ''iḍāfa'' and with an ''h'' when it appears after a long ''ā''. * Native Arabic long vowels: ''ā ī ū'' * Long vowels in borrowed words: ''ē ō'' * Short vowels: (unicode:''fatḥa'') is represented as ''a'', ''(unicode:kasra)'' as ''i'' and (unicode:''ḍamma'') as ''u''. (see short vowel marks) * ''Wāw'' and ''yāʼ'' are represented as ''u'' and ''i'' after (unicode:''fatḥa''): ''ʻain'' "eye", ''yaum'' "day". * Non-standard Arabic consonants: ''p'' (), ''ž'' (), ''g'' () * ''Alif maqṣūra'' (): ''ā'' * ''Madda'' (): (unicode:''ā'') at the beginning of a word, (unicode:''ʼā'') in the middle or at the end * A final (unicode:''yāʼ'') (), the ''nisba'' adjective ending, is represented as ''ī'' normally, but as ''īy'' when the ending contains the third consonant of the root. This difference is not written in the Arabic. * Capitalization: The transliteration uses no capitals, even for proper names. * Definite article: The Arabic definite article is represented as ''al-'' except where assimilation occurs: ''al-'' + ''šams'' is transliterated ''aš-šams'' (see sun and moon letters). The ''a'' in ''al-'' is omitted after a final ''a'' (as in ''lamma šamla l-qatīʻ'' "to round up the herd") or changed to ''i'' after a feminine third person singular perfect verb form (as in ''kašafat il-ḥarbu ʻan sāqin'' "war flared up"). == See also == * Romanization of Arabic (compare other systems, such as ALA-LC or DIN 31635) * Arabic phonology * WP:IPA for Arabic 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hans Wehr transliteration」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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